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==Events== * 462 – Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. * 717 – Siege of Constantinople: The Muslim armada with 1,800 ships, is defeated by the Byzantine navy through the use of Greek fire. *1270 – King Stephen V of Hungary writes his walk to the ''antiquum castellum'' near Miholjanec, where the Sword of Attila was recently discovered. *1355 – King Tvrtko I of Bosnia writes ''In castro nostro Vizoka vocatum'' from the Old town of Visoki. *1449 – Tumu Crisis: Mongols capture the Emperor of China. *1529 – The Spanish fort of Sancti Spiritu, the first one built in modern Argentina, is destroyed by natives. *1532 – Lady Anne Boleyn is made Marquess of Pembroke by her fiancé, King Henry VIII of England. *1604 – Adi Granth, now known as Guru Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of Sikhs, was first installed at Harmandir Sahib. *1644 – Battle of Tippermuir: James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose defeats the Earl of Wemyss's Covenanters, reviving the Royalist cause. *1715 – King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years—the longest of any major European monarch. *1763 – Catherine II of Russia endorses Ivan Betskoy's plans for a Foundling Home in Moscow *1772 – The Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa is founded in San Luis Obispo, California. *1774 – Massachusetts Bay colonists rise up in the bloodless Powder Alarm. *1804 – Juno, one of the largest asteroids in the Main Belt, is discovered by the German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding. *1831 – The high honor of ''Order of St. Gregory the Great'' is established by Pope Gregory XVI of the Vatican State to recognize high support for the Vatican or for the Pope, by a man or a woman, and not necessarily a Roman Catholic. *1836 – Narcissa Whitman, one of the first English-speaking white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington. *1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly: Confederate Army troops defeat a group of retreating Union Army troops in Chantilly, Virginia. *1864 – American Civil War: The Confederate Army General John Bell Hood orders the evacuation of Atlanta, ending a four-month siege by General William Tecumseh Sherman. *1870 – Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Sedan is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory. *1873 – Cetshwayo ascends to the throne as king of the Zulu nation following the death of his father Mpande. *1878 – Emma Nutt becomes the world's first female telephone operator when she is recruited by Alexander Graham Bell to the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company. *1880 – The army of Mohammad Ayub Khan is routed by the British at the Battle of Kandahar, ending the Second Anglo-Afghan War *1894 – Over 400 people die in the Great Hinckley Fire, a forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota. *1897 – The Tremont Street Subway in Boston opens, becoming the first underground rapid transit system in North America. *1902 – ''A Trip to the Moon'', considered one of the first science fiction films, is released in France. *1905 – Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation. *1906 – The International Federation of Intellectual Property Attorneys is established. *1910 – In Brazil, Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, the first Fifa World Club Championship, is founded. *1911 – The armored cruiser ''Georgios Averof'' is commissioned into the Greek Navy. It now serves as a museum ship. *1914 – St. Petersburg, Russia, changes its name to Petrograd. * 1914 – The last passenger pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo. *1920 – The ''Fountain of Time'' opens as a tribute to the 100 years of peace between the United States and Great Britain following the Treaty of Ghent. *1923 – The Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing about 105,000 people. *1928 – Ahmet Zogu declares Albania to be a monarchy and proclaims himself king. *1934 – SMJK Sam Tet is founded by Father Fourgs from the St. Michael Church, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. *1939 – World War II: Nazi Germany and Slovakia invade Poland, beginning the European phase of World War II. * 1939 – General George C. Marshall becomes Chief of Staff of the United States Army. * 1939 – The Wound Badge for Wehrmacht, SS, Kriegsmarine, and Luftwaffe soldiers is instituted. The final version of the Iron Cross is also instituted on this date. * 1939 – Switzerland mobilizes its forces and the Swiss Parliament elects Henri Guisan to head the Swiss Army (an event that can happen only during war or mobilization). * 1939 – Adolf Hitler signs an order to begin the systematic euthanasia of mentally ill and disabled people. *1951 – The United States, Australia and New Zealand sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty. * 1951 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 95 relating to Arab-Israeli conflict is adopted. *1952 – ''The Old Man and the Sea'', the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel by Ernest Hemingway, is first published. *1958 – Iceland expands its fishing zone, putting it into conflict with the United Kingdom, beginning the Cod Wars. *1961 – The Eritrean War of Independence officially begins with the shooting of the Ethiopian police by Hamid Idris Awate. * 1961 – The first conference of the Non Aligned Countries is held in Belgrade. *1967 – The Khmer–Chinese Friendship Association is banned in Cambodia. *1969 – A coup in Libya brings Muammar Gaddafi to power. * 1969 – Trần Thiện Khiêm becomes Prime Minister of South Vietnam under President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu. *1970 – Attempted assassination of King Hussein of Jordan by Palestinian guerrillas, who attack his motorcade. *1972 – In Reykjavík, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky to become the world chess champion. *1974 – The ''SR-71 Blackbird'' sets (and holds) the record for flying from New York to London in the time of 1 hour, 54 minutes and 56.4 seconds at a speed of . *1979 – The American space probe ''Pioneer 11'' becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn when it passes the planet at a distance of . *1980 – Terry Fox's Marathon of Hope ends near Thunder Bay, Ontario. * 1980 – Major General Chun Doo-hwan becomes President of South Korea, following the resignation of Choi Kyu-hah. *1981 – A ''coup d'état'' in the Central African Republic overthrows President David Dacko. *1982 – The United States Air Force Space Command is founded. *1983 – Cold War: Korean Air Lines Flight 007 is shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft enters Soviet airspace. All 269 on board die, including Congressman Lawrence McDonald. *1985 – A joint American–French expedition locates the wreckage of the . *1991 – Uzbekistan declares independence from the Soviet Union. *1997 – The death of Diana, Princess of Wales, is announced by Buckingham Palace. *2004 – The Beslan school hostage crisis commences when armed terrorists take children and adults hostage in Beslan in North Ossetia, Russia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「September 1」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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